B站视频链接： https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wt4y1K7kz/ 微信公众号： 自刘地
一、架构图 这个设计的核心在于路由表的设计，可以根据下面的架构图示，理解路由流量走向。（我发现公众号对图片压缩特别厉害，暂时没有找到上传原图的办法。如果你和我一样有强迫症，可以找我要高清图片）
实验环境一共有两个VPC，左边的是业务VPC，里面有两个APP模拟HTTP的业务，EC2放在私有子网里面，在不同的AZ。
有一个面向互联网的Network Load Balancer，向公网发布了这个HTTP的服务，这样互联网上的用户，就可以通过NLB访问后面的业务。我们要做的是把这个流量，引导到防火墙上去，做安全检测。这里使用Linux的iptables来模拟防火墙。
另外，APP可以通过NAT GW上网，这个APP主动访问互联网的流量，也需要送到防火墙上去，做安全检测。所以，APP有两种流量都需要送到防火墙上去做安全检测，下面看一下APP的两种流量路径。
一、来自于互联网对NLB访问的流量路径 。
首先，互联网上的用户，对NLB的公有DNS发起请求，这个DNS请求，会解析到NLB的两个公网IP地址，然后流量通过ISP路由，到达AWS的IGW上。
因为IGW关联了一个Ingress Route Table，发现去往NLB所在子网的路由指向GWLB endpoint1或GWLB endpoint2，这里假设现在解析的主IP是Endpoint2所在的网段，这样路由会送到GWLB Endpoint2。
Endpoint2收到流量之后，会通过Private Link，把流量发送到GWLB上。
GWLB会通过GENEVE封装报文，把流量发送到防火墙。
防火墙做完安全检测之后，又会把流量送回给GWLB，然后通过Private Link，送到GWLB Endpoint2。
注意，到达GWLB Endpoint2之后，查询的是GWLB Endpoint2关联的Public Route Table，因为目的地址是NLB subnet2网段，所以匹配到local路由，将流量送给NLB。
流量到NLB之后，因为侦听组关联了APP实例，所以NLB将流量发送到实例的主接口，这里查询的是NLB所在子网的local路由。
最后，流量抵达了APP。以上就是来自互联网，对NLB发起的请求，流量经过防火墙之后，再抵达APP的过程。
继续看一下回包流程。
注意，对于来自NLB的流量，EC2并不查询所在子网的路由表，而是直接返回给NLB（这个点很有意思，有机会单独再聊NLB的行为）。
NLB收到报文之后，查询所在子网路由表，因为回包是互联网上的地址，所以会匹配到默认路由，将报文发送到GWLB Endpoint2。
接下来又是一样的流程，流量会经过Private Link到防火墙绕一圈再回来。
流量回到GWLB Endpoint2上之后，会匹配到默认路由，将流量通过IGW发送到互联网上。
以上就是完整的从互联网对NLB发起请求和回包的流程。
二、APP1主动访问互联网的流量路径
APP1对互联网地址发起请求，APP1查询子网关联的路由表，匹配到默认路由，流量送到NAT GW1。
NAT GW1收到流量后，查询路由表，默认路由把流量送给GWLB Endpoint1，发送时会对源IP地址做NAT转换。
流量到GWLB Endpoint1之后，通过Private Link把流量送到防火墙检测，然后再发回来。
GWLB Endpoint1收到流量之后，默认路由将流量送往IGW到达互联网，源地址是NAT GW1的公网IP地址。
继续看回包流程。
互联网上的主机收到报文以后，源地址是NAT GW1的公网IP地址，报文通过ISP路由，流量到达AWS的IGW。
到达IGW之后，会查询Ingress Route Table，去往NAT GW1网段的路由送到GWLB Endpoint1。
流量到GWLB Endpoint1之后，通过Private Link把流量送到防火墙检测，然后再发回来。
GWLB Endpoint1收到流量之后，匹配到local路由，将流量发送到NAT GW1。
NAT GW1收到报文之后，查询NAT转换表项，目的地址匹配到local路由表，将流量发送到APP1。
二、创建实验环境 通过CloudFormation创建实验环境，堆栈需要7分钟左右的时间创建完成。
上传堆栈文件。
编辑堆栈名称，修改实例密钥。
允许创建IAM资源。
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1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 Parameters: EC2InstanceAmiId: Type: AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<AWS::EC2::Image::Id> Default: '/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/amzn2-ami-hvm-x86_64-gp2' Environment: Type: String AllowedValues: - dev - prod Default: dev MyKeyPair: Description: Amazon EC2 Key Pair Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName Default: Global_Tokyo_KeyPair WebServerPort: Description: Apache Http Server Port Type: String Default: 8443 AllowedValues: - 8443 - 8888 - 8088 Resources: BastionSsmRole: Type: AWS::IAM::Role Properties: AssumeRolePolicyDocument: Statement: - Effect: Allow Principal: Service: - ec2.amazonaws.com Action: - 'sts:AssumeRole' Path: / BastionSsmPolicy: Type: AWS::IAM::Policy Properties: PolicyName: PrivatelianceInstanceAccess PolicyDocument: Statement: - Effect: Allow Action: - ssm:DescribeAssociation - ssm:GetDeployablePatchSnapshotForInstance - ssm:GetDocument - ssm:DescribeDocument - ssm:GetManifest - ssm:GetParameter - ssm:GetParameters - ssm:ListAssociations - ssm:ListInstanceAssociations - ssm:PutInventory - ssm:PutComplianceItems - ssm:PutConfigurePackageResult - ssm:UpdateAssociationStatus - ssm:UpdateInstanceAssociationStatus - ssm:UpdateInstanceInformation Resource: "*" - Effect: Allow Action: - ssmmessages:CreateControlChannel - ssmmessages:CreateDataChannel - ssmmessages:OpenControlChannel - ssmmessages:OpenDataChannel Resource: "*" - Effect: Allow Action: - ec2messages:AcknowledgeMessage - ec2messages:DeleteMessage - ec2messages:FailMessage - ec2messages:GetEndpoint - ec2messages:GetMessages - ec2messages:SendReply Resource: "*" Roles: - !Ref BastionSsmRole BastionSsmProfile: Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile Properties: Path: / Roles: - !Ref BastionSsmRole SecVpc: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.100 .10 .0 /16 EnableDnsSupport: 'true' EnableDnsHostnames: 'true' Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc SecVpcIGW: Type: "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway" Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpcIGW SecVpcAttachIgw: Type: "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc InternetGatewayId: !Ref SecVpcIGW SecVpcAz1PublicSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .10 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-Public-Subnet SecVpcAz2PublicSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .20 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-Public-Subnet SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .30 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-Private-Subnet SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .40 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-Private-Subnet SecVpcAz1TgwSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .50 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-TGW-Subnet SecVpcAz2TgwSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc CidrBlock: 10.100 .60 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-TGW-Subnet SecVpcAz1PublicRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-Public-RouteTable SecVpcAz1PublicRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PublicRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PublicSubnet SecVpcAz2PublicRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-Public-RouteTable SecVpcAz2PublicRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PublicRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PublicSubnet SecVpcAz1PrivateRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-Private-RouteTable SecVpcAz1PrivateRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnet SecVpcAz2PrivateRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-Private-RouteTable SecVpcAz2PrivateRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnet SecVpcAz1TgwRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-Tgw-RouteTable SecVpcAz1TgwRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz1TgwRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1TgwSubnet SecVpcAz2TgwRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-Tgw-RouteTable SecVpcAz2TgwRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz2TgwRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz2TgwSubnet SecVpcAz1NatGatewayEIP: Type: AWS::EC2::EIP Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-NatGateway-EIP SecVpcAz1NatGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway Properties: AllocationId: !GetAtt SecVpcAz1NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PublicSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ1-NatGateway SecVpcAz2NatGatewayEIP: Type: AWS::EC2::EIP Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-NatGateway-EIP SecVpcAz2NatGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway Properties: AllocationId: !GetAtt SecVpcAz2NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PublicSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-AZ2-NatGateway SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnetToInternetRoute: DependsOn: SecVpcAz1NatGateway Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: '0.0.0.0/0' NatGatewayId: !Ref SecVpcAz1NatGateway SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnetToInternetRoute: DependsOn: SecVpcAz2NatGateway Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: '0.0.0.0/0' NatGatewayId: !Ref SecVpcAz2NatGateway SecVpcAz1PublicSubnetToInternetRoute: Type: "AWS::EC2::Route" DependsOn: SecVpcIGW Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PublicRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 GatewayId: !Ref SecVpcIGW SecVpcAz2PublicSubnetToInternetRoute: Type: "AWS::EC2::Route" DependsOn: SecVpcIGW Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PublicRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 GatewayId: !Ref SecVpcIGW SecVpcSg: Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup Properties: GroupDescription: SG to test ping VpcId: !Ref SecVpc SecurityGroupIngress: - IpProtocol: tcp FromPort: 22 ToPort: 22 CidrIp: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 - IpProtocol: icmp FromPort: -1 ToPort: -1 CidrIp: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 - IpProtocol: -1 FromPort: -1 ToPort: -1 CidrIp: 10.100 .0 .0 /16 - IpProtocol: tcp FromPort: 3389 ToPort: 3389 CidrIp: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpcSg ApplianceRole: Type: AWS::IAM::Role Properties: RoleName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-appliance-role" ManagedPolicyArns: - "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore" AssumeRolePolicyDocument: Statement: - Effect: Allow Principal: Service: - ec2.amazonaws.com Action: - 'sts:AssumeRole' Path: / AppliancePolicy: Type: AWS::IAM::Policy Properties: PolicyName: AppServer PolicyDocument: Statement: - Effect: Allow Action: - ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfaces Resource: '*' Roles: - !Ref ApplianceRole ApplianceProfile: Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile Properties: Path: / Roles: - !Ref ApplianceRole Gwlb: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer Properties: LoadBalancerAttributes: - Key: load_balancing.cross_zone.enabled Value: true Name: gwlb1 Type: gateway Subnets: - !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnet - !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-gwlb-1" TargetGroup: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup Properties: Name: tg1 Port: 6081 Protocol: GENEVE TargetGroupAttributes: - Key: deregistration_delay.timeout_seconds Value: "20" VpcId: !Ref SecVpc HealthCheckPort: 80 HealthCheckProtocol: HTTP TargetType: instance Targets: - Id: !Ref Appliance1 - Id: !Ref Appliance2 Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-tg-1" Listener: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener Properties: DefaultActions: - Type: forward TargetGroupArn: !Ref TargetGroup LoadBalancerArn: !Ref Gwlb Appliance1: DependsOn: [Gwlb , SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnetToInternetRoute ] Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t2.micro IamInstanceProfile: !Ref ApplianceProfile SecurityGroupIds: - !Ref SecVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-appliance-1" UserData: Fn::Base64: | yum update -y; yum install jq -y; yum install httpd -y; yum install htop -y; sudo yum install iptables-services -y; echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.d/00-defaults.conf; sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/00-defaults.conf; hostnamectl set-hostname gwlb-target-1; echo 'ClientAliveInterval 60' | sudo tee --append /etc/ssh/sshd_config; service sshd restart; touch /home/ec2-user/.vimrc; echo "set background=dark" >> /home/ec2-user/.vimrc; curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document > /home/ec2-user/iid; export instance_interface=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/network/interfaces/macs/); export instance_vpcid=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/network/interfaces/macs/$instance_interface/vpc-id); export instance_az=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'availability' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' ); export instance_ip=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'privateIp' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' | awk -F'"' '{print$2}' ); export instance_region=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'region' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' | awk -F'"' '{print$2}' ); export local_az_gwlb_ip=$(aws --region $instance_region ec2 describe-network-interfaces --filters Name=vpc-id,Values=$instance_vpcid | jq ' .NetworkInterfaces[] | select(.AvailabilityZone==' $instance_az') | select(.InterfaceType=="gateway_load_balancer") |.PrivateIpAddress' -r); export remote_az_gwlb_ip=$(aws --region $instance_region ec2 describe-network-interfaces --filters Name=vpc-id,Values=$instance_vpcid | jq ' .NetworkInterfaces[] | select(.AvailabilityZone!=' $instance_az') | select(.InterfaceType=="gateway_load_balancer") |.PrivateIpAddress' -r); systemctl enable httpd; systemctl start httpd; touch /var/www/html/index.html; echo "<html>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <head>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <title>Gateway Load Balancer POC</title>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1'>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " </head>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <body>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <h1>Welcome to Gateway Load Balancer POC:</h1>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <h2>This is appliance running in $instance_az. Happy testing!</h2>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " </body>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo "</html>" >> /var/www/html/index.html systemctl enable iptables; systemctl start iptables; iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT; iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT; iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -F; iptables -t mangle -F; iptables -F; iptables -X; iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -s $local_az_gwlb_ip -d $instance_ip -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $local_az_gwlb_ip:6081; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p udp --dport 6081 -s $local_az_gwlb_ip -d $local_az_gwlb_ip -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE; iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -s $remote_az_gwlb_ip -d $instance_ip -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $remote_az_gwlb_ip:6081; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p udp --dport 6081 -s $remote_az_gwlb_ip -d $remote_az_gwlb_ip -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE; service iptables save; Appliance2: DependsOn: [ Gwlb , SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnetToInternetRoute ] Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t2.micro IamInstanceProfile: !Ref ApplianceProfile SecurityGroupIds: - !Ref SecVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-appliance-2" UserData: Fn::Base64: | yum update -y; yum install jq -y; yum install httpd -y; yum install htop -y; sudo yum install iptables-services -y; echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.d/00-defaults.conf; sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/00-defaults.conf; hostnamectl set-hostname gwlb-target-2; echo 'ClientAliveInterval 60' | sudo tee --append /etc/ssh/sshd_config; service sshd restart; touch /home/ec2-user/.vimrc; echo "set background=dark" >> /home/ec2-user/.vimrc; curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document > /home/ec2-user/iid; export instance_interface=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/network/interfaces/macs/); export instance_vpcid=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/network/interfaces/macs/$instance_interface/vpc-id); export instance_az=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'availability' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' ); export instance_ip=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'privateIp' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' | awk -F'"' '{print$2}' ); export instance_region=$(cat /home/ec2-user/iid |grep 'region' | awk -F': ' ' {print $2 }' | awk -F' ,' '{print $1}' | awk -F'"' '{print$2}' ); export local_az_gwlb_ip=$(aws --region $instance_region ec2 describe-network-interfaces --filters Name=vpc-id,Values=$instance_vpcid | jq ' .NetworkInterfaces[] | select(.AvailabilityZone==' $instance_az') | select(.InterfaceType=="gateway_load_balancer") |.PrivateIpAddress' -r); export remote_az_gwlb_ip=$(aws --region $instance_region ec2 describe-network-interfaces --filters Name=vpc-id,Values=$instance_vpcid | jq ' .NetworkInterfaces[] | select(.AvailabilityZone!=' $instance_az') | select(.InterfaceType=="gateway_load_balancer") |.PrivateIpAddress' -r); systemctl enable httpd; systemctl start httpd; touch /var/www/html/index.html; echo "<html>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <head>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <title>Gateway Load Balancer POC</title>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1'>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " </head>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <body>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <h1>Welcome to Gateway Load Balancer POC:</h1>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " <h2>This is appliance running in $instance_az. Happy testing!</h2>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo " </body>" >> /var/www/html/index.html echo "</html>" >> /var/www/html/index.html systemctl enable iptables; systemctl start iptables; iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT; iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT; iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -F; iptables -t mangle -F; iptables -F; iptables -X; iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -s $local_az_gwlb_ip -d $instance_ip -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $local_az_gwlb_ip:6081; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p udp --dport 6081 -s $local_az_gwlb_ip -d $local_az_gwlb_ip -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE; iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -s $remote_az_gwlb_ip -d $instance_ip -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $remote_az_gwlb_ip:6081; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p udp --dport 6081 -s $remote_az_gwlb_ip -d $remote_az_gwlb_ip -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE; service iptables save; SecVpcBastionLinux: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: IamInstanceProfile: !Ref BastionSsmProfile ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t3.nano NetworkInterfaces: - AssociatePublicIpAddress: true DeviceIndex: 0 GroupSet: - Ref: SecVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref SecVpcAz1PublicSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-SecVpc-Bastion-Linux VpcEndpointService: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpointService Properties: GatewayLoadBalancerArns: - !Ref Gwlb AcceptanceRequired: false VpceServiceLambdaExecutionRole: Type: AWS::IAM::Role Properties: AssumeRolePolicyDocument: Version: 2012-10-17 Statement: - Effect: Allow Principal: Service: - lambda.amazonaws.com Action: - sts:AssumeRole Path: / Policies: - PolicyName: root PolicyDocument: Version: 2012-10-17 Statement: - Effect: Allow Action: - logs:CreateLogStream - logs:PutLogEvents Resource: arn:aws:logs:*:*:* - Effect: Allow Action: - ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServiceConfigurations - ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServicePermissions - ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServices Resource: "*" VpceServiceLogGroup: Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup Properties: LogGroupName: !Sub /aws/lambda/${AWS::StackName}-service RetentionInDays: 1 VpceServiceName: Type: AWS::Lambda::Function DependsOn: VpceServiceLogGroup Properties: FunctionName: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-service Handler: "index.handler" Role: !GetAtt VpceServiceLambdaExecutionRole.Arn Code: ZipFile: | import json import logging import time import boto3 import cfnresponse from botocore.exceptions import ClientError try: ec2 = boto3.client('ec2') except ClientError as e: logger.error(f"ERROR: failed to connect to EC2 client: {e }") sys.exit(1) def handler(event, context): logger = logging.getLogger() logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) logger.info('Received event: {}'.format(json.dumps(event))) responseData = {} responseStatus = cfnresponse.FAILED try: serviceid = event[" ResourceProperties"]["VpceServiceId"] except Exception as e: logger.info('Attribute retrival failure: {}'.format(e)) try: if event["RequestType"] == "Delete": responseStatus = cfnresponse.SUCCESS cfnresponse.send(event, context, responseStatus, responseData) except Exception: logger.exception("Signaling failure to CloudFormation.") cfnresponse.send(event, context, cfnresponse.FAILED, {}) if event["RequestType"] == "Create": logger.info("Retrieving VPC Endpoint Service Name:") try: response = ec2.describe_vpc_endpoint_service_configurations( Filters=[ { ' Name': 'service-id' , 'Values': [serviceid ] } ] ) except Exception as e: logger.info('ec2.describe_vpc_endpoint_service_configurations failure: {}'.format(e)) service_name = response[' ServiceConfigurations'][0]['ServiceName'] time.sleep(120) responseData['ServiceName'] = service_name responseStatus = cfnresponse.SUCCESS cfnresponse.send(event, context, responseStatus, responseData) Runtime: python3.7 Timeout: 150 RetrieveVpceServiceName: Type: Custom::RetrieveAttributes Properties: ServiceToken: !GetAtt VpceServiceName.Arn VpceServiceId: !Ref VpcEndpointService GwlbEndpoint1: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc ServiceName: !GetAtt RetrieveVpceServiceName.ServiceName VpcEndpointType: GatewayLoadBalancer SubnetIds: - !Ref SecVpcAz1PrivateSubnet GwlbEndpoint2: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint Properties: VpcId: !Ref SecVpc ServiceName: !GetAtt RetrieveVpceServiceName.ServiceName VpcEndpointType: GatewayLoadBalancer SubnetIds: - !Ref SecVpcAz2PrivateSubnet VpcA: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.110 .10 .0 /16 EnableDnsSupport: 'true' EnableDnsHostnames: 'true' Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA VpcAIGW: Type: "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway" Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcAIGW VpcAAttachIgw: Type: "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA InternetGatewayId: !Ref VpcAIGW VpcAAz1PublicSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .10 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-Public-Subnet VpcAAz2PublicSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .20 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-Public-Subnet VpcAAz1NlbSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .30 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-Nlb-Subnet VpcAAz2NlbSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .40 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-Nlb-Subnet VpcAAz1AppSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .50 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-App-Subnet VpcAAz2AppSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .60 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-App-Subnet VpcAAz1TgwSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .70 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 0 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-TGW-Subnet VpcAAz2TgwSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA CidrBlock: 10.110 .80 .0 /24 AvailabilityZone: Fn::Select: - 1 - Fn::GetAZs: "" Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-TGW-Subnet VpcAAz1PublicRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-Public-RouteTable VpcAAz1PublicRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1PublicRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1PublicSubnet VpcAIgwRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-Ingress-RouteTable VpcAIgwRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::GatewayRouteTableAssociation" Properties: GatewayId: !Ref VpcAIGW RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAIgwRouteTable VpcAAz2PublicRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1PublicRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2PublicSubnet VpcAAz1NlbRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-Nlb-RouteTable VpcAAz1NlbRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1NlbRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1NlbSubnet VpcAAz2NlbRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-Nlb-RouteTable VpcAAz2NlbRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz2NlbRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2NlbSubnet VpcAAz1AppRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-App-RouteTable VpcAAz1AppRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1AppRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1AppSubnet VpcAAz2AppRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-App-RouteTable VpcAAz2AppRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz2AppRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2AppSubnet VpcAAz1TgwRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-Tgw-RouteTable VpcAAz1TgwRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1TgwRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1TgwSubnet VpcAAz2TgwRouteTable: Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable" Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-Tgw-RouteTable VpcAAz2TgwRouteTableAssociation: Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation" Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz2TgwRouteTable SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2TgwSubnet VpcAAz1NatGatewayEIP: Type: AWS::EC2::EIP Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-NatGateway-EIP VpcAAz1NatGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway Properties: AllocationId: !GetAtt VpcAAz1NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1NlbSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ1-NatGateway VpcAAz2NatGatewayEIP: Type: AWS::EC2::EIP Properties: Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-NatGateway-EIP VpcAAz2NatGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway Properties: AllocationId: !GetAtt VpcAAz2NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2NlbSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-AZ2-NatGateway VpcAEndpoint1: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA ServiceName: !GetAtt RetrieveVpceServiceName.ServiceName VpcEndpointType: GatewayLoadBalancer SubnetIds: - !Ref VpcAAz1PublicSubnet VpcAEndpoint2: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint Properties: VpcId: !Ref VpcA ServiceName: !GetAtt RetrieveVpceServiceName.ServiceName VpcEndpointType: GatewayLoadBalancer SubnetIds: - !Ref VpcAAz2PublicSubnet VpcAIgwRoute1: DependsOn: VpcAEndpoint1 Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: DestinationCidrBlock: '10.110.30.0/24' VpcEndpointId: !Ref VpcAEndpoint1 RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAIgwRouteTable VpcAIgwRoute2: DependsOn: VpcAEndpoint2 Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: DestinationCidrBlock: '10.110.40.0/24' VpcEndpointId: !Ref VpcAEndpoint2 RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAIgwRouteTable VpcAPublicSubnetToInternetRoute: Type: "AWS::EC2::Route" DependsOn: VpcAIGW Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1PublicRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 GatewayId: !Ref VpcAIGW VpcANlbAz1Route1: DependsOn: VpcAEndpoint1 Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: DestinationCidrBlock: '0.0.0.0/0' VpcEndpointId: !Ref VpcAEndpoint1 RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1NlbRouteTable VpcANlbAz2Route1: DependsOn: VpcAEndpoint2 Type: AWS::EC2::Route Properties: DestinationCidrBlock: '0.0.0.0/0' VpcEndpointId: !Ref VpcAEndpoint2 RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz2NlbRouteTable VpcAAz1AppSubnetToInternetRoute: Type: "AWS::EC2::Route" DependsOn: VpcAIGW Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz1AppRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 NatGatewayId: !Ref VpcAAz1NatGateway VpcAAz2AppSubnetToInternetRoute: Type: "AWS::EC2::Route" DependsOn: VpcAIGW Properties: RouteTableId: !Ref VpcAAz2AppRouteTable DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 NatGatewayId: !Ref VpcAAz2NatGateway VpcABastionVpcSg: Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup Properties: GroupDescription: SG to test ping VpcId: !Ref VpcA SecurityGroupIngress: - IpProtocol: tcp FromPort: 22 ToPort: 22 CidrIp: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 - IpProtocol: icmp FromPort: -1 ToPort: -1 CidrIp: 0.0 .0 .0 /0 - IpProtocol: tcp FromPort: !Ref WebServerPort ToPort: !Ref WebServerPort CidrIp: 10.110 .0 .0 /16 Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcASg VpcABastionLinux: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: IamInstanceProfile: !Ref BastionSsmProfile ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t3.nano NetworkInterfaces: - AssociatePublicIpAddress: true DeviceIndex: 0 GroupSet: - Ref: VpcABastionVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1PublicSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-Bastion-Linux VpcAApp1Linux: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance DependsOn: [VpcAEndpoint1 , VpcANlbAz1Route1 ] Properties: IamInstanceProfile: !Ref BastionSsmProfile ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t3.nano NetworkInterfaces: - DeviceIndex: 0 GroupSet: - Ref: VpcABastionVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz1AppSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-App1-Linux UserData: Fn::Base64: !Sub | yum update -y yum install -y httpd sed -i.bak 's/Listen 80/Listen ${WebServerPort}/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf echo "<h2>Hello World from $(hostname -f)</h2>" > /var/www/html/index.html systemctl start httpd.service systemctl enable httpd.service VpcAApp2Linux: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance DependsOn: [VpcAEndpoint2 , VpcANlbAz2Route1 ] Properties: IamInstanceProfile: !Ref BastionSsmProfile ImageId: !Ref EC2InstanceAmiId KeyName: !Ref MyKeyPair InstanceType: t3.nano NetworkInterfaces: - DeviceIndex: 0 GroupSet: - Ref: VpcABastionVpcSg SubnetId: !Ref VpcAAz2AppSubnet Tags: - Key: Name Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-App2-Linux UserData: Fn::Base64: !Sub | yum update -y yum install -y httpd sed -i.bak 's/Listen 80/Listen ${WebServerPort}/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf echo "<h2>Hello World from $(hostname -f)</h2>" > /var/www/html/index.html systemctl start httpd.service systemctl enable httpd.service VpcAEc2TargetGroup: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup Properties: HealthCheckIntervalSeconds: 10 HealthCheckProtocol: TCP HealthCheckTimeoutSeconds: 10 HealthyThresholdCount: 3 Name: VpcAEc2TargetGroup Port: !Ref WebServerPort Protocol: TCP TargetGroupAttributes: - Key: deregistration_delay.timeout_seconds Value: '20' - Key: preserve_client_ip.enabled Value: false Targets: - Id: !Ref VpcAApp1Linux Port: !Ref WebServerPort - Id: !Ref VpcAApp2Linux Port: !Ref WebServerPort UnhealthyThresholdCount: 3 VpcId: !Ref VpcA Tags: - Key: Name Value: VpcA-Target-Group VpcANlbListener: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener Properties: DefaultActions: - Type: forward TargetGroupArn: !Ref VpcAEc2TargetGroup LoadBalancerArn: !Ref VpcANetworkLoadBalancer Port: !Ref WebServerPort Protocol: TCP VpcANetworkLoadBalancer: Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer Properties: Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VpcA-NLB Type: network Scheme: internet-facing Subnets: - !Ref VpcAAz1NlbSubnet - !Ref VpcAAz2NlbSubnet
三、测试 3.1 访问NLB测试 复制NLB的DNS名称。
访问NLB的DNS名称测试业务连通性。
3.2 App抓包测试 连接App1
通过Session Manger连接。
在App上抓取TCP 8443的报文，因为Target Group关闭了Preserve client IP addresses属性，所以App会看到NLB的私有IP地址，安全组也可以只放行来自NLB子网的流量。
另外可以通过curl ifconfig.me查看App访问公网的IP地址，是NAT GW1的公网IP地址。
1 2 sudo -i tcpdump -n port 8443
3.3 appliance抓包测试 在App1上ping公网地址。
在appliance上抓取GENEVE的报文，并使用grep对ICMP报文进行过滤。
1 root@gwlb-target-1 ~]# tcpdump -n -i eth0 port 6081 | grep ICMP
可以使用grep -i过滤特定主机报文
1 root@gwlb-target-1 ~]# tcpdump -n -i eth0 port 6081 | grep -i 8.8.8.8
抓包结果可以使用grep的\|进行“或”过滤。
1 root@gwlb-target-1 ~]# tcpdump -n -i eth0 port 6081 | grep "ICMP\|https"
3.4 防火墙高可用测试 在App1上发起对公网地址的访问，同时在appliance1和appliance2上开启抓包，确认流量目前通过appliance1转发。
Stop正在转发流量的appliance实例。
等待大概1分钟左右（依据是否为新建会话，还有协议切换时间不同），流量切换到另外一台防火墙。因为GWLB开启了Cross-zone load balancing，所以流量可以跨AZ，通过appliance2转发流量。
